Blood spots occur due to bleeding into the skin. They can be classified according to their size:
- Petechiae are smaller in size (less than 2 mm)
- Purpura is larger (more than 2 mm)
- Ecchymosis (more than 10 mm).
They usually appear as flat red or purple lesions (some purpura can be raised). They do not blanch, meaning if you press them, they don’t fade.
Cause
They can occur due to various reasons: Due to abnormal or lower number of platelets, due to inflammation or injury to blood vessels, or due to disorders that affect clotting factors.
Treatment
The treatment will depend on the underlying cause It may include steroids, platelet transfusion, surgery to remove spleen, and other medications.
6. Cellulitis
Cellulitis is a bacterial infection of the skin that typically affects the lower legs. The infected area becomes red, swollen, and painful, and may present with open skin sores or lesions. Symptoms often include fever, chills, and fatigue.
Cause
Staphylococcus and streptococcus bacteria are the most common causes of cellulitis.
Whenever there is a break in the skin, these bacteria can get into the skin. The common risk factors are an injury or cut, insect bites, surgical wounds, weakened immune system, or inflammatory skin conditions like eczema.
Treatment
If diagnosed early, it can be treated with oral antibiotics. Severe cases may require intravenous antibiotics and hospitalization.
If left untreated, the infection can spread into the blood and other organs leading to serious complications.
7. Cherry angioma
Cherry angiomas are non-cancerous lesions that appear as bright red to purple papules. They are commonly seen on the chest, back, and arms and appear after the age of 30-40s.
Cause
Cherry angiomas consist of proliferating blood vessels. Why they occur is not entirely clear. Genetics, hormones, aging, and certain medications may play a role.
Treatment
They are harmless and usually don’t hurt or itch, so they don’t require treatment. However, if they bleed or for cosmetic reasons, they can be removed in a doctor’s office by procedures like freezing and lasers.
8. Chickenpox
NEXT PAGE
