Chickenpox is a viral infection that causes a blistering rash all over the body. The chickenpox rash typically starts as red spots on the skin, which then form into blisters.
These blisters eventually scab over, resulting in crusted lesions on the skin. Symptoms of chickenpox often include fever and fatigue.
Cause
Chickenpox is caused by the Varicella zoster virus. It is a contagious skin infection and can spread by close contact until all the lesions scab.
Treatment
The rash usually clears in 2 weeks. The treatment is symptomatic with hydration and medications to reduce fever. Antiviral medication may be prescribed for some people. It can be prevented by a chickenpox vaccine.
9. Cold sores (fever blisters)
Cold sores present as fluid-filled skin lesions, or blisters, on and around the lips, eyes, or cheeks. These blisters may ooze and eventually scab over, forming crusty spots on the skin.
One may feel a burning or itching sensation before the appearance of the bumps.
Cause
These are caused by herpes simplex virus, usually type 1. Once a person is infected, this virus stays in the body and can reactivate leading to an outbreak. The common precipitating factors include a suppressed immune system, stress, sun exposure, fatigue, or hormonal changes.
This is a contagious infection and the virus can be transferred by direct contact with the skin lesions or contaminated surfaces. One stays infectious until all the lesions heal completely.
Treatment
In a healthy individual, cold sores often heal in 1-2 weeks. Some over-the-counter remedies include:
- Balms with benzocaine: These can decrease the pain.
- Lip balms or ointments can moisturize the area.
- Abreva cream is an OTC option that has an antiviral. It can help in faster healing of sores.
Topical and oral antivirals may be prescribed in severe cases or in people with weakened immune systems.
10. Contact dermatitis
Contact dermatitis can lead to red papules, patches, or blister formation. These are usually associated with itching and localized to the area of contact.
It can be of two types:
Irritant contact dermatitis: This occurs due to contact of skin with an irritant which can lead to skin barrier disruption. The common irritants are surfactants, fragrances, essential oils, chemicals at work, etc.
Allergic contact dermatitis: This occurs when the skin comes in contact with an allergen. The common allergens are latex, poison ivy, mold, dust, animal dander, and metals like nickel.
Treatment
The symptoms can be managed with a cold compress, antihistamines, and topical steroids. One should avoid further contact with allergens or irritants.
11. Eczema
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